紀要No.21 相羽康郎

ブックの説明

古写真から見た大正期までの日本街並み史概観
一日本の街並みの形成と消滅一
Overview of the Townscape History in Japan up to Taisho-era Based
on the Old Photographs
-Formation and Diminution of Japanese Townscape-

相羽康郎　Yasuo AIBA

Townscape in Japan has diminished after the high
economic growth in 1960’s. Before then traditional style
of wooden low-rise houses consisted townscapes in all
Japanese city. The reasons of the disorder of townscape
are explained in many books or reports as quite different
level of the phenomena as such a cultural one. This article
tries to analyze the reasons in realistic way by using old
photographs from just before the Meiji era to Taisho era
(1868-1912).
Townscape is a result of many complex factors. But first
of all it is a very important fact that traditional wooden
building has a system to create prototype of townscape in
itself.
There were 3 types of traditional townscape based on
samurai residences, townhouses, farmhouses. People has
adapted traditional style wooden houses, even in case to
broaden front road and traditional wooden houses or
warehouses covered of mud to prevent fire were build.
At a very small part of the roadside middle rise townscape
has been made after the Tokyo city renewal project
in Meiji-era.
Buildings using new material of concrete have been
made along the fire-protecting road in Hakodate city after
the big fire in 1921. A local city has performed a progressive
role but that could not affect the coming rebuilding
plan after the Kanto big earthquake.A new prototype of
townscape has not realized in Japan then.

Keywords

old photo, traditional wooden townscape, new material of
concrete,prototype